The benchmark index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) suffered its steepest single-day fall in six years today (8 March) as escalating geopolitical tensions in the Middle East triggered panic selling across the market.

The DSEX index plunged 231 points, or 4.42%, to close at 5,008, hitting a two-month low and marking the biggest one-day decline since the Covid-19 pandemic era. The previous steepest fall was recorded on 9 March 2020, when the index dropped 279 points during global market turmoil caused by the pandemic.

The blue-chip DS30 index also came under heavy pressure, losing 91 points, or 4.55%, to settle at 1,919.

The sharp correction reflected widespread selling as investors rushed to cut losses amid growing uncertainty over global energy markets and the potential economic fallout for Bangladesh.

Market breadth was overwhelmingly negative. Of the traded issues, 371 declined, while only 10 advanced and nine remained unchanged, illustrating the scale of the sell-off.

Despite the slump in prices, trading activity increased as investors scrambled to exit positions. Turnover rose 16% to Tk532 crore during the session.

The panic-driven fall also wiped out a significant portion of market value. The overall market capitalisation of the Dhaka bourse declined by Tk13,400 crore to Tk6.84 lakh crore in a single trading day.

Major banking and blue-chip stocks exerted strong downward pressure on the index. Among the biggest draggers were BRAC Bank, Islami Bank, Square Pharmaceuticals, City Bank and BAT Bangladesh, which collectively accounted for a large share of the index's decline.

Negative sentiment also spilled over to the port city's bourse. At the Chittagong Stock Exchange PLC, the CSCX index fell 255 points, or 2.81%, to close at 8,805, while the CASPI index dropped 419 points, or 2.83%, to settle at 14,405. Turnover at the exchange plunged 60% to Tk16.37 crore, reflecting a sharp contraction in trading activity.

According to the daily market review by EBL Securities Limited, the capital market continued to witness a bloodbath, with no sign of relief for investors as pessimism surrounding the escalating Middle East conflict intensified.

The brokerage said relentless bearish sentiment gripped the market from the opening bell of the week's first trading session, prompting panic-stricken investors to dump holdings to minimise further losses in their already battered portfolios.

Selling pressure persisted throughout the session, leading to widespread price corrections across most sectors and leaving overall market sentiment deeply uncertain.

The latest fall extended the market's losing streak to four consecutive trading sessions. During this period, the benchmark index has shed a total of 526 points, while the market capitalisation of listed companies has declined by nearly Tk30,000 crore.

The downturn has been largely attributed to rising geopolitical risks following reported strikes involving the US and Israel against Iran, heightening fears of a broader conflict in the Middle East. Investors worry that any escalation could disrupt global energy supplies and significantly raise oil and gas prices.

Moniruzzaman, managing director of Prime Bank Securities, told TBS that the conflict has already pushed global oil and gas prices higher, raising concerns that Bangladesh's import bill could increase substantially.

He warned that disruptions to fuel imports could affect power generation and industrial production, particularly as the country approaches peak electricity demand during the summer months. A slowdown in industrial activity, combined with rising energy costs, could further intensify inflationary pressures.

Amid such uncertainty, investors opted for caution, triggering broad-based selling across nearly all sectors of the market. Moniruzzaman added that trading is likely to remain volatile in the coming sessions, depending on developments in the Middle East and movements in global energy markets.

Investor anxiety was further fuelled by recent domestic developments. On Sunday, the Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission increased the price of Jet A-1 aviation fuel for March, setting the rate for domestic flights at Tk112.41 per litre.

Market insiders said fears of a broader fuel price hike are spreading as global energy prices rise amid supply disruptions. Reports that energy exporters such as Qatar, Oman and Kuwait have declared force majeure on certain shipments have heightened concerns about Bangladesh's fuel imports.

They also noted that scenes of vehicles queuing at filling stations amid fears of potential shortages have further unsettled investors, contributing to panic in the stock market.

Analysts said the situation has been compounded by the lack of clear policy direction to stabilise the market. While several countries have introduced tax cuts on fuel or support measures for financial markets to cushion the shock, investors in Bangladesh are still waiting for concrete steps to restore confidence in the capital market.

The US dollar held broadly steady in Asian trade ​on Friday and was poised for its steepest weekly gain in more than a year as the escalating conflict in the Middle East drove demand for safe-haven ‌assets.

The euro and yen remained on the back foot as the crisis drove oil prices ever higher, spurring inflation risks in economies dependent on energy imports and upending policy expectations for the Federal Reserve and other central banks.

Earlier hopes for a de-escalation gave way to fresh uncertainty, with Iran warning that Washington would “bitterly regret” the sinking of an Iranian warship. US President Donald Trump said he wanted to be involved in choosing ​Iran’s next head of state after US and Israeli air strikes killed Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei in the early moments of the war.

“If the Middle Eastern conflict ​continues at its current intensity, it’s likely to bring sustained higher inflation, a stronger US dollar, and a vastly reduced chance of Fed ⁠rate cuts,” IG market analyst Tony Sycamore wrote in a note.

The dollar index , which measures the greenback against a basket of currencies, was trading a touch lower at 99.03, still on ​course for a 1.4 percent gain this week that would be the most since November 2024.

The euro was little changed at $1.161 and set for a 1.7 percent slide this week. The yen fell ​0.2 percent to 157.83 per dollar. Sterling nudged up 0.02 percent to $1.3358.

The war intensified on Thursday, with US and Israeli jets hitting areas across Iran, and Gulf cities coming under renewed bombardment.

In a phone interview with Reuters, Trump said Mojtaba Khamenei, a son of the late supreme leader who has been considered a favorite to succeed his father, was an unlikely choice.

The greenback was one of a handful of winners in a volatile ​few sessions that have dragged stocks, bonds and, at times, even safe-haven precious metals lower.

“Broadly speaking, we are seeing most clients reduce risk across both G10 and EM currencies,” said ​Nathan Swami, head of FX trading for Japan, Asia North, Asia South and Australia at Citi in Singapore.

“When the conflict started over the weekend, we saw hedgers and custodians buy dollars in many of the onshore ‌markets. Central bank ⁠support has kept Asian FX markets in check for now, but we think more depreciation pressure will build up the longer the conflict lasts.”

Bank of Japan Deputy Governor Ryozo Himino said in parliament that the weak yen was pushing up import costs and may affect underlying inflation.

If the Middle East conflict and closure of the Strait of Hormuz last only about a month, the impact on growth in developing Asia would be modest, said Albert Park, chief economist for the Asian Development Bank.

The spike in energy prices from the Middle East war has stoked fears of ​a resurgence in inflation, with overnight index swaps (OIS) ​showing shifts in rate outlooks for major ⁠central banks.

The Dhaka stock market suffered its sharpest single-day decline in six years today (8 March), with the benchmark index DSEX losing 231 points amid fears of energy supply uncertainty linked to the United States–Israel war on Iran.

Of the traded stocks, 95% or 371 stocks saw price decline amid sell-offs, only 10 stocks price advanced and 9 stocks price remained unchanged.

At the end of the trading session, DSEX, the benchmark index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) lost 231 points or around 4.42% closed to 5,008 points, which is the highest single-day fall since March 2020.

Six years ago, the key index DSEX witnessed a massive plunge amid investors' panic-driven sales due to the fear of the coronavirus impact.

Meanwhile, the DSE's shariah index fell 3.36% or 35 points to 1,013 points and DS-30, the blue-chip index fell 4.55% or 91.53 points to 1,919 points.

On 3 March, stocks also suffered as investors' continued sell-offs and DSEX lost 208 points. With that loss last week, DSEX lost 359 points or 6.42%, the DSE data showed, as escalating geopolitical tensions in the Middle East rattled investor confidence and triggered broad-based selling.

Olympic Industries PLC has approved the purchase and import of new capital machinery to expand its packaging and food processing capacity.

The decision was taken at a board meeting held on Saturday, according to a disclosure filed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange yesterday.

Under the plan, the company will import two sets of brand-new capital machinery to establish a carton production plant. The equipment will have a combined annual production capacity of 315.36 million pieces, with each set capable of producing 157.68 million pieces per year.

The machinery will be procured from China at a total cost of $500,000, including freight charges, which is equivalent to around Tk6.13 crore. The machines will be installed and commissioned at the company's Kutubpur factory in Narayanganj.

In a separate move, the board also approved the purchase of a brand-new egg washing and breaking machine for its food processing operations. The machine, which will have an annual capacity of 175.20 million pieces, will be imported from Hong Kong.

The cost of the machinery, including freight, is estimated at $46,000, equivalent to approximately Tk56.44 lakh. It will be installed and commissioned at the company's Lolati factory in Kanchpur.

The investment is expected to strengthen Olympic's packaging capability while enhancing efficiency in its food production process, said the company in its disclosure.

Olympic Industries, one of the leading fast-moving consumer goods companies, is producing a wide range of biscuits, confectionery and bakery products for both domestic and export markets.

The company has maintained steady financial growth in recent periods. For the July-December period of 2025, Olympic reported revenue of Tk1,548 crore, up from Tk1,490 crore in the same period a year earlier.

During the period, earnings per share rose slightly to Tk5.99 from Tk5.82 a year earlier. The company's net asset value per share stood at Tk65.34 as of December 2025.

Bangladesh's import of liquefied natural gas (LNG) from long-term contracts has become highly uncertain after all three suppliers invoked force majeure, a legal tool that allows them to suspend or delay contractual obligations in events beyond their control, amid the ongoing US-Israel war on Iran.

According to Petrobangla officials, the latest force majeure notice came from Oman-based OQ Trading Limited on 5 March, followed by the US-based Excelerate Energy the next day.

Earlier on 2 March, Bangladesh's largest LNG supplier QatarEnergy invoked the same.

Confirming the development, Petrobangla Chairman Md Arfanul Hoque on Saturday told TBS, "We are now looking for alternatives from the spot market to fill the window left vacant by the three suppliers."

With the three suppliers invoking force majeure, Bangladesh is set to lose all six LNG cargoes scheduled under long-term contracts for April, along with two additional deliveries from short-term arrangements.

Officials said the development could potentially block the supply of at least eight LNG cargoes from both long- and short-term contracts, leaving Bangladesh heavily dependent on the volatile spot market.

According to the import plan, three additional cargoes were supposed to be procured from the spot market in April too which means Bangladesh has a plan to procure 11 LNG cargoes in April.

All three suppliers interlinked

Petrobangla officials said once QatarEnergy – which is scheduled to supply around 40 LNG cargoes to Bangladesh in 2026 – invoked force majeure, similar moves by the other suppliers became almost inevitable as QatarEnergy accounts for around 20% of the world's seaborne LNG.

Officials added that supply arrangements from the other suppliers, OQ Trading (OQT) and Excelerate, are closely linked to deliveries tied to QatarEnergy under existing agreements.

While there is a provision to source LNG from alternative suppliers outside QatarEnergy if OQT and Excelerate can manage, the enforcement of force majeure effectively blocks this option.

Petrobangla said the force majeure imposed by OQ Trading will remain in effect until 8 April.

Petrobangla Chairman Arfanul said, "With the imposition of force majeure by OQ, Petrobangla will lose two cargoes scheduled for delivery on 3 and 8 April."

What was the April import plan

According to Petrobangla's earlier LNG import plan, 11 cargoes were scheduled to arrive in April. Of these, six were to come under long-term contracts, two under short-term, and three from the spot market.

Of the six long-term cargoes, three were to be supplied by QatarEnergy, one by QatarEnergy Trading, one by OQT, and one by Excelerate. Of these six cargoes, five were expected to pass through the Strait of Hormuz, while one was to come from Angola.

Energy officials said that out of the six deliveries planned for April, four cargoes have already been confirmed cancelled following the invocation of force majeure by the suppliers.

Talking to TBS yesterday, Energy Secretary Md Saiful Islam said the government is now stepping up efforts to import LNG from the spot market to maintain supply. "Bangladesh is also considering purchasing LNG through G2G arrangements under direct procurement."

Short-term supply also under threat

According to Petrobangla's plan for April, Bangladesh intended to import two cargoes under short-term contracts – one from OQ Trading and another from Saudi Aramco.

Officials said one of the cargoes originates from Qatar and normally transits through the Strait of Hormuz, while the origin and route of the other cargo have yet to be confirmed. As OQ Trading has invoked force majeure, supply from the company has become uncertain.

Besides, Bangladesh had planned to procure three cargoes from the spot market in April.

Volatile spot market now only hope

With the Strait of Hormuz effectively closed and production disruptions reported at facilities operated by QatarEnergy, LNG supplies under long-term contracts have become uncertain.

To mitigate the disruption, the energy secretary said the government has already invited tenders to purchase LNG cargoes from the spot market for April delivery.

"We floated a tender on 8 March for four cargoes from the spot market. Bidders have been given two days until Tuesday to respond," said Secretary Saiful. "Apart from the spot market, we are also opening a window to purchase LNG on a G2G basis."

Officials from the Energy Division and Petrobangla warned that LNG availability in the spot market is tightening as major buyers such as China, Japan, South Korea, and India scramble for additional cargoes, pushing prices higher.

They said the situation could leave price-sensitive importers like Bangladesh, already under fiscal strain, particularly vulnerable to the ongoing volatility.

Earlier, Petrobangla floated a tender to buy two LNG cargoes for the March delivery window from the spot market, but the first attempt drew no bids.

In the second attempt, the agency secured one cargo at over $28 per MMBtu and another at around $24 per MMBtu, nearly 2.5 times higher than prices below $10 per MMBtu on 1 March.

According to the Asian spot LNG benchmark Platts JKM, prices stood at $10.73 per MMBtu on 27 February but surged to around $15.7 per MMBtu in the latest trading sessions.

Meanwhile, Energy Minister Iqbal Hassan Mahmood Tuku yesterday said fuel reserves in Bangladesh have increased with the arrival of two fuel-laden ships, reports UNB.

"Once these two ships deliver fuel, our reserves will increase further," he said at a discussion programme. The minister said rising reserves do not mean fuel can be used in an uncontrolled manner. "We will continue rationing for as long as the war continues."

Prices of several food items in Khatunganj – one of the country's largest wholesale markets for essential commodities – have risen although stocks remain sufficient, and despite the fact those items had been imported before the Iran war began.

It takes around 45 days for soybean shipments from Latin America to reach Chattogram port. Yet following news of war in the Middle East on 1 March, the price of soybean oil in Khatunganj rose by up to Tk150 per maund.

This is despite the fact that 463,000 tonnes of crude soybean oil were imported during the first eight months of the current fiscal year. Although there are sufficient stocks, soybean oil has reportedly become scarce in retail markets in Dhaka and Chattogram a week after the war began, as unscrupulous traders allegedly manipulated the supply.

The price surge is not limited to soybean oil. Palm oil prices in Khatunganj have increased by up to Tk200 per maund, even though palm oil is imported from Malaysia and has no direct connection to the Middle East conflict. According to customs data, 1.038 million tonnes of palm oil were imported during the first eight months of the fiscal year.

Market insiders say there is no justification for prices to rise for goods that are already in stock due to the war. Even if prices were to increase, the impact would likely be felt only after two to three months. Experts blame the administration's inaction and unethical traders for the current volatility.

Dr Naeem Uddin Hasan Aurangzeb, a professor of economics at the University of Chittagong, told The Business Standard that the government has not yet increased fuel prices.

"If fuel prices increase, that may affect other commodities. But the conditions for the war to influence commodity prices have not yet arisen, and even if it does, it will take some time. In reality, dishonest traders are raising prices," he said.

Traders say prices in Khatunganj generally move in line with international markets – rising when global prices rise and falling when they fall. Although soybean prices fluctuate, mill owners sometimes reduce sales during uncertain periods such as wartime despite adequate stocks. They also note that the cost of imports depends heavily on international market prices.

According to traders, the war must end soon, otherwise it may affect the country's economy and foreign exchange reserves.

Market inquiries show that until the afternoon of 1 February, open refined palm oil was selling at Tk5,900 per maund. After news of an attack on Iran spread, the price rose to Tk6,000 in the evening. Although it fell slightly the following day, it later increased again by Tk200 and is now trading at around Tk6,200.

Similarly, wheat prices have risen to Tk1,300 per maund, around Tk150 higher than before. The price of open soybean oil has increased by Tk120 to Tk150 per maund and is now selling between Tk7,180 and Tk8,200. Sugar prices have also risen by Tk70 to Tk80 per maund to Tk3,470–Tk3,480.

Super oil prices have increased by Tk200 to Tk6,400. Drum bitumen is now selling for Tk15,000 compared to Tk12,000 previously. Raisins are selling at Tk780–Tk800 per kg, with prices rising by Tk100–Tk120 depending on quality. The biggest increase has been seen in the price of dried sour plums (tok alu), which have jumped from Tk300–Tk400 to Tk800–Tk1,000.

Prices of imported pulses and dry food products have also been trending upward, although they had begun to decline slightly in the wholesale market after the start of Ramadan.

Cumin is trading at Tk570–Tk580 per kg, cardamom at Tk4,200–Tk4,500, cinnamon at Tk355–Tk450, cloves at Tk1,300–Tk1,320 and black pepper at Tk1,020–Tk1,040. Nutmeg is selling at Tk720, mace at Tk2,700–Tk2,800, ginger at Tk100–Tk110 and onions at Tk25–Tk52 depending on quality. Chinese garlic is selling at Tk200 per kg while local garlic is priced at around Tk50.

Md Mohiuddin, general secretary of the Chaktai-Khatunganj Aratdar General Traders Welfare Association and an importer of consumer goods, told TBS that prices of a few items have increased but most commodities remain at normal levels.

"If the war in the Middle East becomes prolonged, it could affect the supply chain of consumer goods, creating a risk of price increases for all products," he said.

Consumer rights activists say some traders are using the war as an excuse to create instability in the market.

SM Nazrul Hossain, vice-president of the central committee of the Consumers Association of Bangladesh (CAB), told TBS that traders often look for an issue to raise prices.

"The war has provided them with such an excuse. There is no reason for such an immediate impact here because of the war. Only if there is a fuel shortage and transportation costs rise might there be an effect—but that is not the case now," he said.

He added that the administration has not taken any action on the issue.

"Even though there is a new government, no instructions have yet been issued from the ministries to the administration. The government must take a tougher stance," he said.

Country’s overall economic activity gained momentum in February, with the Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) rising to 55.7, indicating a faster pace of expansion compared with the previous month.

The Bangladesh PMI February report, released on Sunday by the Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce and Industry (MCCI), Dhaka and Policy Exchange Bangladesh (PEB), showed the index increased by 1.8 points from January.Bangladesh economic trends

The PMI is designed to provide timely insights into the country’s economic conditions to help businesses, investors and policymakers make informed decisions. The index was developed by MCCI and Policy Exchange Bangladesh with support from the UK Government and technical assistance from the Singapore Institute of Purchasing & Materials Management.

According to the report, stronger growth in agriculture, manufacturing and services drove the overall expansion, while the construction sector returned to contraction during the month.

The agriculture sector recorded its sixth consecutive month of expansion, with faster growth in new business and business activity. Input costs and order backlogs also returned to expansion, though employment in the sector continued to contract at a faster pace.

Manufacturing maintained expansion for the 18th straight month, with growth accelerating in February. Key indicators including new orders, factory output, imports, input prices and supplier deliveries remained in expansion. However, new exports, finished goods and employment continued to contract, while order backlogs reverted to contraction.

The construction sector slipped back into contraction after expanding in January. New business, employment and order backlogs declined, although construction activity and input costs showed expansion.Maps

Meanwhile, the services sector registered its 17th consecutive month of expansion, with faster growth across new business, business activity, employment, input costs and order backlogs.

The future business index pointed to continued expansion across all major sectors—agriculture, manufacturing, construction and services—indicating positive business expectations in the coming months.

Businesses surveyed in the report noted a degree of seasonal optimism ahead of Ramadan and Eid-ul-Fitr, which is expected to boost demand, particularly in services and retail. However, firms also highlighted persistent pressure from rising input costs, including raw materials, labour and utilities.

Dr M Masrur Reaz, Chairman and CEO of Policy Exchange Bangladesh, said the February PMI suggests a modest increase in economic activity, supported by stronger demand in agriculture and services linked to Ramadan-related consumption.

He also warned that escalating military tensions in the Middle East could pose downside risks to Bangladesh’s growth outlook.

Despite the seasonal boost in demand, the report noted that broader growth prospects remain constrained by persistent inflationary pressure, sector-specific challenges and external economic risks.

Bangladesh’s stock market today recorded its steepest single-day decline in six years amid concerns over energy supply linked to the escalating conflict involving the United States, Israel and Iran in the Middle East.

The broad index, DSEX, of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) plunged 231 points, or 4.42 percent, to close the day at 5,008.

Of the traded stocks, the prices of 371 issues declined as investors rushed to sell, while only 10 advanced and the rest remained unchanged.

In March 2020, amid fears over the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, investors witnessed three major declines within a span of 10 days.

The first had occurred on March 9, when the index dropped 6.5 percent. This was followed by another fall of 5.0 percent on March 16, and a further decline of 4.5 percent on March 18.

Dhaka stocks plunged amid investors’ jittery over energy security as US-Isarel war with Iran raises concerns of a prolonged hit to global energy markets.

The DSEX, the benchmark index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange, plunged 2.75 percent, or 144.17 points, to 5,096.65 as of 12:30 pm.

The market dipped just after opening at 10 am, and the benchmark index fell to as low as 5060 points at 12.01 pm. Later, it recovered.

Turnover at the DSE stood at Tk 335.43 crore. Among the traded shares, 25 gained, 344 dropped, and 16 remained unchanged.

“Energy is a key input for factories, and fears have grown among investors that the intensifying Iran war may affect fuel supply,” said a market analyst on anonymity.
Investors fear it could hamper production at listed firms, he added.
The Chittagong Stock Exchange also fell. The CASPI, the major index of the port city bourse, fell 347 points, or 2.37 percent, to 14,447.

The price of the US benchmark WTI oil contract topping $100 after the United States launched a military attack against major crude producer Iran is the latest significant swing experienced by the commodity this century.

AFP examines the volatile movements, including when crude surged to record highs close to $150 per barrel in 2008, before turning negative 12 years later during the Covid-19 pandemic.

2022: Russia's invasion of Ukraine

Crude futures last climbed above $100 in February 2022, soon after the invasion of Ukraine by oil and gas producer Russia.

In March of that year, prices approached their 2008 highs, with Brent reaching $139.13 and the main US contract, West Texas Intermediate (WTI), $130.50.

Fears of insufficient oil supplies as Western sanctions against Russia followed -- coupled with increased demand after the Covid-19 pandemic -- kept prices mostly above $100 until the summer of 2022.

Prices went on to fall back largely owing to high supplies.

2020: Covid pandemic

Just two years before surpassing $100 following Russia's invasion, oil prices briefly turned negative following the onset of the coronavirus pandemic that shut offices and factories -- and grounded planes worldwide.

The market also tumbled on scarce storage facilities and a Saudi-Russia price war.

WTI slumped to minus $40.32, meaning that producers paid buyers to take the oil off their hands.

At the same time, Brent tanked to a record low of $15.98.

2012: Iran crude embargo

After falling under $90 over a eurozone economic crisis, oil prices rose back above $100 after Western powers imposed a raft of economic sanctions on Iran, including crude exports, aimed at halting its nuclear programme, long a source of Washington-Tehran tension.

Wider tensions in the Middle East owing to the Syria conflict kept prices almost continuously above $100 until 2014, before sliding under $50 at the start of the following year as a result of American shale oil flooding the market.

2011: Arab Spring

Brent soared to $127 in March 2011 following unrest in the oil-producing Middle East and North Africa region.

The market bounded higher after the so-called Arab Spring uprisings toppled the long-standing leaders of Tunisia, Egypt and Yemen, while unrest also rocked other parts of the region, especially crude producer Libya.

2008: Record-high $147

On July 11, 2008, Brent hit a record high of $147.50 per barrel, having breached $100 at the start of the year for the first time.

The same day, WTI achieved an all-time peak at $147.27 per barrel.

Crude surged thanks to falling stockpiles in the United States, strong Chinese demand and unrest in key OPEC members Iran and Nigeria.

A weaker dollar also lent strong support, making crude priced in the greenback cheaper for buyers holding other currencies.

But by December 2008, Brent had tanked to sit at around $36 owing to a severe economic recession worldwide in the wake of the global financial crisis.

In a bid to curb share manipulation, the Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission imposed hefty fines totalling around Tk1,500 crore on influential investors – often described as gamblers – for breaching securities laws, mostly through serial trading, over the past one and a half years under the interim government.

The fines, aimed at restoring market order, were primarily issued between 8 August 2024 and 16 February this year, marking the largest enforcement action in the country's capital market since the regulator was established in 1993.

However, recovery of the fines has reached only about 0.35% – roughly Tk5.23 crore – as many penalised investors have yet to pay, and some have challenged the regulator's decisions, raising questions about the effectiveness of the enforcement drive.

Following the formation of the new government, the Ministry of Finance sought details about the commission's activities. In response, the BSEC submitted a report outlining measures taken during the past 18 months, including enforcement actions against share manipulation.

The current commission, led by former banker Khondoker Rashed Maqsood, was formed after the ousting of former prime minister Sheikh Hasina in August 2024.

After taking office, the commission pledged strict action against market manipulation in an effort to stabilise the capital market.

According to officials, the regulator has taken action against manipulation cases that occurred during the previous administration but were largely overlooked by the then-commission.

Under the rules, fines must be paid within 30 working days after being imposed. Those penalised can appeal to the commission for a review within three months and seek a revision within six months.

Companies linked to manipulation cases

The companies whose shares were manipulated include Karnaphuli Insurance, Paramount Insurance, Global Insurance, BD Finance, Prime Finance First Mutual Fund, Delta Life Insurance, NRB Commercial Bank, Sonali Paper, Fortune Shoes, Fine Foods, Alltex Industries, Khan Brothers PP Woven Bags, Asia Insurance, Sonali Life Insurance, and Gemini Sea Food Limited.

Among the largest penalties was imposed on Beximco Limited, owned by Salman F Rahman, the former private industry and investment adviser to the prime minister. The company and its associated entities – Marjana Rahman and Associates and Mosfequr Rahman and Associates – were fined a combined Tk428 crore for share manipulation.

Abul Khayer, a government cooperative cadre officer, and his associates – including family members and cricketer Shakib Al Hasan – were fined Tk194 crore.

At least 50 other investors were fined Tk351 crore for violating securities laws in transactions involving several insurance sector companies.

In another case, Jashim Uddin, Masudur Rahman, Shikkito Bekar, and their associates were fined Tk5.52 crore for share manipulation. The commission also imposed Tk28.87 crore in penalties for non-payment of dividends.

Abul Kalam, spokesperson for the BSEC, said the penalties were intended to restore discipline in the market.

"The commission has imposed fines to restore discipline in the capital market. Those involved in manipulation have been fined their entire realised gain, minus 10%, to ensure no one can make gains from foul play in the market anymore," he told The Business Standard.

He acknowledged that collecting the fines can take time. "Collecting share manipulation fines is time-consuming. Accused individuals have at least nine months for review and revision, after which legal proceedings can begin. Fine collection is ongoing," he said.

According to the regulator, individuals penalised by the commission are given three months to seek revision and six months to apply for a review after a fine is imposed.

Despite a steep fall in the benchmark indices last week amid Middle East tensions, several Z-category stocks – commonly considered junk shares – dominated the gainers' chart on the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE).

Premier Leasing emerged as the top gainer of the week, surging 44.44% to close at Tk2.60. Fareast Finance, FAS Finance and Peoples Leasing each rose 41.18% to Tk2.40, while International Leasing advanced 37.50% to Tk2.20.

Other notable gainers included Familytex, which climbed 31.82% to Tk2.90, Tung Hai Knitting rose 30.77% to Tk3.40, and Nurani Dyeing gained 29.63% to Tk3.50. Generation Next increased 25% to Tk3.50, while Appollo Ispat advanced 24.14% to close the week at Tk3.60.

However, all the companies that led the weekly gainers' chart are currently loss-making, according to market data. Several of them are also facing severe operational challenges.

Market information from the Dhaka bourse shows that Familytex, Tung Hai Knitting, Nurani Dyeing, Generation Next and Appollo Ispat are currently out of operation.

A number of the top gainers are non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs), many of which are struggling with weak financial conditions and potential liquidation risks.

Market insiders said investors largely targeted low-priced stocks during the week, regardless of their financial performance or operational status. They added that speculation surrounding the future of troubled NBFIs has also fuelled interest in these shares.

Earlier, the central bank had initiated steps to liquidate several weak and loss-making NBFIs. However, following the change in government, investors appear to be betting that these institutions may avoid liquidation. Driven by such expectations, many traders have been buying these stocks in hopes of booking short-term gains.

Bangladesh has moved quickly to avert potential fuel and gas shortages triggered by the Middle East war, securing critical imports from alternative markets to keep national energy demand met throughout March.

Officials said the government finalised imports of 2.80 lakh tonnes of refined diesel from Malaysia, Singapore and other sources, ensuring supply for the rest of the month.

Two LNG shipments from Singapore have also been secured as contingency, while Bloomberg reported that an LNG cargo from Qatar is en route to Bangladesh, easing fears of disruption.

Concerns had mounted that the conflict involving Iran, the United States and Israel could destabilise global energy supply chains, particularly through the Strait of Hormuz, a vital route for Bangladesh's crude oil imports from Saudi Arabia and the UAE.

Iran has since clarified that it will not obstruct vessels from other nations, except those of the US and Israel, allowing Bangladesh's shipments to continue.

'No reason for panic'

Energy and Power Minister Iqbal Hasan Mahmud Tuku told reporters after meeting Prime Minister Tarique Rahman that reserves remain sufficient. "Two more oil tankers will arrive on 9 March. There is no reason for panic," he said, urging consumers not to queue overnight at petrol pumps.

Simultaneously, international news agency Bloomberg has reported that an LNG cargo from Qatar is currently en route to Bangladesh, a development that is expected to alleviate fears of a gas shortage.

Officials said Bangladesh had 1,15,473 tonnes of diesel in stock as of 4 March, enough to meet demand for about nine days.

Monir Hossain Chowdhury, joint secretary (operations) at the Energy and Mineral Resources Division, told TBS that a significant portion of the diesel is already en route to Bangladesh, while the rest is being loaded and will arrive shortly.

"Therefore, the amount of diesel required for March has already been confirmed. There should be no shortage if consumers refrain from panic buying," he said.

Bangladesh's monthly diesel demand is 3.80 lakh tonnes, he said, adding, "We now have over 1 lakh tonnes of diesel in stock. Besides, 2.80 lakh tonnes of refined diesel imports have been finalised."

Monir further said, "A significant portion of this is being imported from Malaysia and Singapore. Some of this fuel is already en route to Bangladesh, while further shipments are currently being loaded and are expected to arrive shortly."

He said that there is an existing agreement to import 1.80 lakh tonnes of diesel from India each month, and that supply is currently arriving on a regular basis.

"However, due to the storage capacity at Parbatipur being limited to 5,000 tonnes, it is not possible to increase imports from the neighbouring country at this time, even if desired."

Monir said, "We have agreements with various countries for the import of an additional 1 lakh tonnes of diesel. None of those countries have yet indicated that they would be unable to meet the supply.

"Even if they fail to deliver, we have alternative suppliers available, and we will be able to procure imports from these backup sources if the need arises."

Supply at pumps

However, transport operators in Dhaka reported that petrol pumps are supplying diesel in limited quantities due to increased demand.

Some long-distance bus and truck operators said they were receiving less fuel than required, forcing them to reduce the number of trips.

Monir Hossain Chowdhury said, "As long as no one buys excess diesel, there is no reason for a shortage at the pumps."

No crisis for other fuels

Stocks of other fuels also remain adequate. As of 4 March, the country currently has 28,152 tonnes of octane, sufficient for around 15 days, and 17,364 tonnes of petrol, enough for roughly eight days, officials said.

Although Bangladesh mainly produces octane domestically, a small portion is imported to supplement supply. Officials said around 40,000 tonnes of petrol and octane are expected to arrive later this month to stabilise supply further.

Furnace oil reserves currently stand at 66,192 tonnes, enough to meet power plants' demand for approximately 59 days, suggesting that electricity generation is unlikely to be disrupted.

Officials also confirmed that the jet fuel supply remains stable. Bangladesh had 41,084 tonnes of jet fuel in stock as of 4 March, sufficient for 36 days, while another 20,000 tonnes are expected to arrive between 22 and 25 March.

The number of flights departing from Bangladesh to the Middle East has significantly decreased, which in turn has reduced the demand for jet fuel. Consequently, there is no anticipated shortage of jet fuel.

Kamrul Islam, GM (PR) of US-Bangla Airlines, told TBS, "So far, we have not yet seen the impact of the war on jet fuel. However, we are concerned that if the war continues in this manner, the issues of a potential jet fuel shortage or price hikes could emerge."

Gas scare managed

To conserve the potential gas, the government has temporarily halted gas supply to all but one fertiliser factory, while sufficient fertiliser stocks remain available.

So far, there have been no major reports of gas shortages affecting households, industries or filling stations.

The Bloomberg on Friday (6 March) reported that Qatar appears to have loaded its first liquefied natural gas cargoes after the widening conflict in the Middle East forced it to halt fuel production and declare an unprecedented force majeure to buyers.

The vessel Al Ghashamiya loaded this week at the nation's Ras Laffan export terminal and is now waiting in the Persian Gulf, and a second tanker, the Lebrethah, departed from the terminal Friday, according to Bloomberg.

The Lebrethah is signalling Bangladesh as its next destination, with an estimated arrival on 14 March, but the trip still depends on navigation in the crucial Strait of Hormuz, which is effectively closed for commercial ships in the wake of the Iran war.

Four LNG, two LPG vessels head to Chattogram

Four vessels carrying about 2.47 lakh tonnes of LNG and two ships transporting nearly 35,000 tonnes of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are heading to Chattogram Port after crossing the Strait of Hormuz before tensions escalated in the Middle East, easing concerns over any immediate gas supply disruption when the country is going through a panic of fuel shortage.

4 LNG, 2 LPG vessels that crossed Strait of Hormuz before Middle East conflict now headed to Ctg

Altogether, 15 vessels carrying LNG, LPG and cement raw materials are now arriving at Chattogram.

Of them, 12 have already reached the port while three more are expected within this week. The ships are carrying nearly 7.50 lakh tonnes of cargo in total.

Two LNG carriers have already arrived at Chattogram carrying about 1.26 lakh tonnes of LNG from Qatar.

Two more vessels are scheduled to reach the port's outer anchorage tomorrow and Wednesday, respectively.

Together, the four ships are bringing roughly 2.47 lakh tonnes of LNG to Bangladesh.

An LPG carrier was scheduled to arrive at Chattogram yesterday carrying 22,172 tonnes of LPG from Sohar Port in Oman.

Another vessel, carrying 19,316 tonnes of LPG from the same port, had already reached the port before the war.

The two ships together are delivering nearly 35,000 tonnes of LPG for Meghna Fresh LPG, a concern of Meghna Group of Industries.

The war in the Middle East has stalled more than 1,000 TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units) of weekly exports from Chattogram Port after major shipping lines suspended bookings, leaving exporters facing mounting storage costs and uncertainty.

Containers carrying potatoes, agro-products, frozen foods and ready-made garments are now stranded at private inland container depots (ICDs), as exporters wait for shipping routes to reopen while absorbing additional depot and plugging charges.

One of the first casualties of the disruption is a seasonal potato shipment prepared for export to Dubai.

After processing and packaging, a 28-tonne consignment from SR Impex Ltd arrived in Chattogram from Bogura on 1 March. It was scheduled to be shipped to Jebel Ali port the following day. But the cargo never left the depot.

The container is now sitting at a private ICD after shipping lines abruptly stopped accepting bookings to Middle Eastern destinations due to security risks.

"While we were loading the cargo, the shipping line suddenly informed us they would no longer accept bookings and cancelled the slot," said Mohammad Forkan, managing director of SR Impex Ltd and general secretary of the Fresh Food and Fruits Exporters Association.

Infograph: TBS
Infograph: TBS

"We somehow arranged another container from a depot and plugged it in to preserve the potatoes. Now we are paying plugging and depot charges just to store them. We do not know what will happen next," he said.

He added, "Every week, around 450 tonnes of potatoes, another 450 tonnes of agro and food products, and nearly 300 tonnes of frozen foods are exported to Middle Eastern countries through the Chattogram port and the airport. Including RMG and other exports, the total value reaches around $17 million. Most of these shipments are now disrupted."

Exporters fear the disruption could deepen if the conflict drags on, squeezing Bangladesh's trade and raising costs across multiple industries.

Garment exporters fear missing Eid market

The disruption is also worrying exporters in Bangladesh's largest export sector – ready-made garments.

Although the Middle East accounts for only over $800 million, or roughly 2% of Bangladesh's apparel exports, the market becomes crucial during the Eid shopping season.

Exporters say the conflict erupted just as shipments normally begin for the festive market.

"We have already purchased raw materials, produced goods and placed orders," said garment exporter Abdus Salam.

"Our buyers need these products to stock their showrooms for Eid. Normally, shipments begin at the start of Ramadan. But the war started exactly at that time."

He added, "Our goods cannot be shipped and their showrooms are empty. At the same time, our workers expect Eid bonuses and salaries. We are facing a very difficult situation."

Shipping lines suspend bookings

Shipping companies confirm that container bookings to many Middle Eastern destinations have been suspended.

Azmir Hossain Chowdhury, head of operations at MSC Shipping, said the company had received instructions not to accept bookings for the region and had suspended bookings from 2 March.

"Other shipping lines are doing the same. As a result, weekly exports of around 800 to 1,200 TEUs to Middle Eastern countries are being affected," he said.

Freight costs from China rise

The crisis is also adding pressure on Bangladesh's import supply chain.

With maritime routes facing disruption, freight rates from China — the main source of raw materials for the country's industries — have already started rising.

Industry insiders say shipping costs from Chinese ports have increased by roughly $300 per container in recent days.

Rakibul Alam, a former vice-president of the Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association, said the higher freight cost is becoming a major concern for importers.

"For high-cube containers, freight from China has increased by around $500 in some cases," he said.

"Chinese ports have resumed exports after earlier disruptions and our import flow is picking up again. But the biggest challenge right now is the higher shipping cost."

Major carriers restrict services

Global shipping companies have begun tightening operations in the conflict-affected region.

Shipping giant Maersk has suspended all vessel transits through the Strait of Hormuz since 1 March and stopped accepting new bookings to several destinations, including the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar and Oman.

COSCO Shipping Lines has also temporarily suspended cargo services to certain ports, including Qatar, Bahrain, Iraq and Kuwait, due to security concerns and navigation restrictions.

However, COSCO said operations would continue to ports that do not require vessels to pass through the Strait of Hormuz, such as Jeddah in Saudi Arabia and the UAE ports of Khor Fakkan and Fujairah.

Mobile financial services (MFS) are increasingly becoming a major channel for remittances sent by millions of Bangladeshis working abroad.

Remitters sent Tk 20,236 crore through MFS, excluding Nagad, in 2025, almost double the amount -- Tk 10,786 crore -- they sent home a year ago.

Bangladesh Bank (BB) data shows that MFS accounted for a small but growing portion of remittances transferred by Bangladeshis abroad. Roughly 90 percent of them work in the Middle East, especially in Saudi Arabia.

This situation would have been inconceivable seven years ago. In 2019, migrant workers sent $18.3 billion or more than Tk 150,000 crore in remittances, out of which only Tk 315 crore came through MFS. Since then, remittances sent through MFS have grown 64 times, thanks to efforts by MFS providers, mainly bKash.

The country’s largest MFS provider has been a pioneer in delivering remittances to the doorsteps of migrant workers’ families. In 2025, these workers sent home $33 billion, or over Tk 400,000 crore, in remittances.

bKash alone handled Tk 20,000 crore in remittances last year. While the growth was substantial, the amount of remittance sent using MFS was only 5 percent of the total.

Industry stakeholders said MFS operators do not directly collect remittances from Bangladeshi migrants working abroad. Migrant workers themselves decide whether they want to send money to MFS accounts or take the more traditional route of sending remittances through bank accounts.

MFS is gaining popularity fast as it is more convenient and offers instant delivery to remote, rural areas. Another perk is that money can be sent to multiple MFS accounts instead of just one bank account, so remitters can transfer funds to a number of people without any hassle.

In the case of MFS, the ticket size is small. When one has to send a large amount of money, bank accounts are preferred. Additionally, there is a 2.5 percent government incentive on remittances. If a migrant worker sends Tk 1,000 as remittance, the recipient will receive Tk 1,025.

Promotional campaigns by MFS providers in Bangladesh’s migrant belts abroad have supported the growth.

Ali Ahmmed, chief commercial officer of bKash, said that currently, expatriates can send remittances directly to their loved ones’ bKash accounts through 135 international money transfer operators (MTOs) from over 170 countries, which get settled at 27 commercial banks in Bangladesh.

“This commitment to delivery has made bKash a preferred platform, resulting in the highest inward remittance flows among MFS channels in 2025,” he said.

“This momentum has also inspired more global money transfer companies to collaborate with us, offering exclusive Eid incentives for expatriates to further encourage the use of formal banking channels.”

A total of 41 lakh bKash accounts received these remittances, almost double that of the previous year.

While the BB data does not account for remittances sent through Nagad, Muhammad Zahidul Islam, head of Media and Communication of the platform, said they witnessed “tremendous growth” recently.

“Overall, remittance growth at Nagad exceeded 28 percent last year compared to the previous year, and the numbers continue to rise steadily,” he said.

Nagad has modernised the remittance receiving process, Islam noted, which enabled Bangladeshi expatriates to send their hard-earned money to their loved ones from anywhere in the world.

“Through our campaigns, we are also actively promoting remittances via legal channels, and these initiatives are delivering positive results, as reflected in the growing figures,” he added.

A senior BB official said policy support by the central bank -- allowing banks to transfer remittances through MFS providers -- gave the main boost.

“This way, money is sent to the end user. Almost everyone has MFS accounts,” he said.

Despite the surge in remittance transfers through MFS channels, these transactions accounted for only one percent of total transactions -- Tk 18.73 lakh crore -- in 2025.

BB, in its latest monthly review, said MFS has significantly expanded financial inclusion in Bangladesh by providing accessible, secure, and convenient digital financial services to millions of people, especially in rural and underserved areas.

The Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission (BSEC) did not approve the proposal for FCS Holdings Ltd to acquire the shares of Yeakin Polymer held by the company's sponsor directors because the required No Objection Certificates (NOCs) for defaulted loans were not provided.

According to BSEC sources, the application was rejected because the applicants failed to submit the required No Objection Certificates (NOCs) from the relevant banks and financial institutions regarding the company's defaulted loans. Yeakin Polymer currently has outstanding loans of around Tk52 crore with banks and financial institutions.

Sources said FCS Holdings had sought approval from the commission to acquire a significant number of shares from the sponsor-directors of Yeakin Polymer. Under the plan, the share transfer would have enabled FCS Holdings to become a major shareholder in the company.

However, during the review process, the regulator found that Yeakin Polymer has defaulted loans with Islami Bank Bangladesh and Industrial and Infrastructure Development Finance Company Ltd (IIDFC). In such cases, obtaining consent from the lending institutions is mandatory before any transfer of sponsor-directors' shares can proceed.

The applicants failed to collect and submit the necessary NOCs from the lenders to the commission. As a result, the BSEC cancelled the application.

However, the commission has not completely closed the matter. Instead, it has instructed FCS Holdings to submit a fresh application along with NOCs related to the rescheduling of the company's bank loans.

This means that if the concerned banks and financial institutions agree to reschedule the loans or provide consent regarding the liabilities and issue the necessary NOCs, FCS Holdings may reapply to the commission seeking approval to acquire the shares.

Mohammad Harunor Rashid, managing director of Yeakin Polymer stated that they have already obtained No Objection Certificates (NOCs) from financial institutions- IIDFC for loans totaling Tk9 crore. However, the NOC from Islami Bank, which involves a loan of Tk43 crore, has not yet been received, though they expect to get it soon. The bank is currently assessing how it will recover its loan.

He also mentioned that the Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission (BSEC) has not directly rejected their application. Instead, BSEC has asked them to submit a new application along with the required NOCs. Once they receive the remaining NOC, they will submit the application promptly.
Infograph: TBS
Infograph: TBS

According to regulatory sources, FCS Holdings and three sponsor-directors of Yeakin Polymer jointly applied to the commission last September seeking approval to transfer 1,58,52,993 shares, representing about 21.50% of the company's total shares, to FCS Holdings.

The shares were to be transferred from Yeakin Polymer's chairman Chakladar Rezaunul Alam, director Kapita Packaging Solutions Ltd, and director Didarul Alam.

During the review process, the securities regulator asked the applicants to submit NOCs from the lenders due to the company's outstanding loans and financial obligations with multiple institutions.

However, the applicants were unable to provide the required approvals within the stipulated timeframe, prompting the commission to cancel the proposal and instruct them to submit a fresh application with the necessary lender approvals if they wish to proceed.

BSEC Officials familiar with the matter said that regulatory approval for such transfers is subject to ensuring that the interests of lenders and other stakeholders are protected, particularly when the shares involved are linked to outstanding liabilities.

Under the proposed arrangement, FCS Holdings planned to acquire the shares without making any direct cash payment to the selling sponsors. Instead, the company intended to assume responsibility for settling certain financial obligations of Yeakin Polymer, including bank loans and outstanding supplier payments.

Sources said the plan was part of a broader strategy to restructure the finances and management of the struggling polymer manufacturer.

If approved, the transaction would have allowed FCS Holdings to become a major shareholder and potentially play a key role in reviving the company's operations. The plan also included restructuring the board of directors, with representatives of FCS Holdings expected to join the board after the share transfer. However, the lack of lender consent halted the process.

Market analysts note that when shares are pledged against bank loans or linked to corporate liabilities, obtaining lender approval is essential. Without such consent, regulators generally do not allow ownership changes to proceed. Yeakin Polymer, a publicly listed company, has been facing business and financial challenges in recent years.

The company raised Tk20 crore from the capital market through an initial public offering (IPO) in 2016 to expand its operations. However, its performance declined after government policies encouraged the use of environmentally friendly jute sacks instead of polymer bags for agricultural packaging, reducing demand for the company's core products.

Since listing, Yeakin Polymer has struggled to maintain profitability and declared only a 1% cash dividend once after its IPO, reflecting weak financial performance.

Due to prolonged operational challenges and failure to meet certain listing requirements, the company has also been placed in the Z category on the stock exchanges.

The proposed takeover by FCS Holdings initially drew attention from investors who hoped the change in ownership could revive operations and improve the company's financial condition.

But with the commission cancelling the proposal due to incomplete documentation, the future of the planned takeover remains uncertain.

Rising food and service costs are eroding household purchasing power, particularly for lower-income groups whose consumption baskets are more heavily weighted toward essentials, according to the latest monthly economic update by the General Economics Division (GED).

The report released yesterday said the divergence between wage growth and price inflation widened further in January 2026.

While general inflation rose to 8.58 percent, wage growth remained stagnant at 8.08 percent, following 8.07 percent in December.

Since September 2025, inflation has consistently outpaced wages: inflation moved from 8.36 percent in September to 8.17 percent in October, 8.29 percent in November, 8.49 percent in December, and 8.58 percent in January.

In contrast, wage growth hovered narrowly between 8.01 percent and 8.08 percent over the same period.

“This sustained gap signals pressure on real incomes,” said the report, adding, “The persistence of this mismatch suggests that nominal wage adjustments are failing to keep pace with inflationary dynamics.”

“This identifies a need for coordinated wage and price management, as inflationary pressures continue to undermine real income stability,” added the report by GED under the planning ministry.

Food inflation rose to 8.29 percent in January from 7.71 percent in December, the report said, while non-food inflation moderated to 8.81 percent from 9.13 percent over the same period, narrowing the inflation differential between the two components.

“The recent trend indicates continued pressure from food prices within the overall inflation framework.”

Food remains the largest contributor to overall inflation and accounted for 43.06 percent in January, up 3 percentage points from December.

Housing and utilities contributed 15.05 percent, while miscellaneous goods and services accounted for 9.31 percent.

“The increase in food’s contribution suggests a greater concentration of inflationary pressure within essential consumption items.”

The report said notable increases were recorded in clothing and footwear, housing and utilities, and food.

It, however, said the internal composition warrants closer examination, citing that the contribution from rice to inflation decreased, but contributions from other food components continue to sustain overall food inflation.

“Despite a good harvest, higher vegetable prices are largely attributed to increased transportation costs and unhealthy profit motives among wholesale and middlemen traders. This highlights the need for improved supply chain management of food items, particularly rice, vegetables, and fish, to contain inflationary pressures more effectively.”

“Closer examination of item-wise prices at the market level remains essential for targeted policy action.”

The GED report also highlighted lower-than-targeted revenue collection by the National Board of Revenue and weak implementation of the government’s Annual Development Programme (ADP), suggesting urgent reform in planning, procurement, and fund release.

“Policymakers now face a trade-off: emergency fast-tracking with higher fiduciary risks versus focusing on fewer priority projects for quality outcomes. Without systemic reforms in planning, procurement, and fund release, fiscal year 2025-26 is poised to record the lowest ADP implementation rate, undermining infrastructure delivery and development goals.”

The GED also flagged risks from the high reliance on the apparel sector for exports.

At the same time, the very low share of capital machinery in total imports suggests limited investment-driven expansion, indicating that the recent rise in import payments is primarily consumption- or input-driven rather than linked to capacity-building.

“Taken together, the combination of strong apparel exports and weak capital machinery imports underscores the need for policies that promote investment in productive capacity and diversification, which are critical for sustaining external stability and supporting medium-term structural transformation.”

The GED report said the new government should give priority to attracting investment, generating employment, and reining in inflation to build a solid foundation for the economy.

“Restoring confidence among both local and foreign investors, further boosting foreign exchange reserves, and ensuring exchange rate stability will remain essential to strengthening overall economic stability.”

Prime Minister Tarique Rahman today (7 March) said the government has taken steps to make the zakat management system more effective and targeted, noting that zakat can play an important role in poverty alleviation if it is distributed in a planned and organised way.

"Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam. I would like to share with you a plan regarding zakat management in the country. According to Islamic teachings, many wealthy people in our society pay zakat on their own initiative. Some also pay their zakat through the government's Zakat Board," he said.

If zakat is distributed in a planned and organised manner can make a significant contribution to reducing poverty, the prime minister said at an iftar mahfil hosted for ulema, Islamic scholars and orphans at State Guest House, Jamuna.

"In this context, the government has taken steps to make zakat management more effective and target-oriented," he said.

The prime minister mentioned that various research reports suggest the amount of zakat collected in Bangladesh exceeds Tk20,000 to Tk25,000 crore every year and some estimates put the figure even higher.

However, he said the absence of a planned and organised distribution system means that although wealthy individuals fulfil their zakat obligation, questions remain about how effectively the funds help reduce poverty.

"As far as I know, Islamic teachings encourage zakat to be distributed in such a way that a recipient may not need to receive zakat again the following year after receiving it once," the Prime Minister observed.

He said there are currently around four crore families in the country, both rich and poor.

If poor and extremely poor families are identified and five lakh families are given Tk1 lakh each in zakat every year in phases, most of those families may not need to receive zakat again the following year, Tarique Rahman said.

"If zakat is distributed in a targeted and well-planned manner, it could play an effective role in poverty alleviation in the country within 10 to 15 years through zakat management alone," he added.

The prime minister said if the idea of zakat management for poverty alleviation is considered logical, ulema and religious scholars can play the biggest role in raising awareness among wealthy people.

He also said the existing Zakat Board under the Ministry of Religious Affairs can be reorganised with leading Islamic scholars, religious experts and government officials to work more effectively for poverty alleviation through zakat management.

"By using zakat for poverty alleviation, there is an opportunity to present Bangladesh as a model in the Islamic world," the prime minister said.

The benchmark index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) extended its losing streak last week as escalating geopolitical tensions in the Middle East rattled investor confidence and triggered broad-based selling.

The DSEX shed 359 points, or 6.42%, to close the week at 5,240. The blue-chip DS30 index fell further, losing 157 points, or 7.28%, to settle at 2,011.

Market participation also weakened during the week. Average daily turnover declined 4% to Tk696 crore, reflecting cautious trading as investors avoided large bets amid rising uncertainty. The bearish sentiment wiped out about Tk20,400 crore from the market capitalisation of listed companies.

The majority of listed securities ended the week in the red. A total of 325 issues declined, while only 59 advanced and eight remained unchanged.

Analysts say the market may remain volatile in the near term as investors closely monitor developments in global energy markets and geopolitical tensions.

According to the weekly market review by EBL Securities Limited, the capital market faced strong bearish sentiment as investors worried about the possible macroeconomic impact of tensions in the Middle East. The brokerage noted that market participants were particularly concerned about potential disruptions to fuel and power supply in Bangladesh if the conflict escalates further.

The review added that the market remained under sustained downward pressure throughout the week in the absence of any clear signs of stability in the Gulf region. The uncertainty prompted aggressive selling across sectors, ultimately snapping the benchmark index's six-week upward streak.

Despite the negative trend, investors remained relatively active in a few sectors. The banking sector accounted for the largest share of turnover at 24%, followed by pharmaceuticals with 15.3% and textiles with 8.5%.

Among individual stocks, Orion Infusion, City Bank, Khan Brothers PP Woven Bag, BRAC Bank and Robi dominated the turnover chart during the week, reflecting concentrated trading in a handful of issues.

Sectoral performance, however, remained largely dismal. The food sector recorded the steepest decline with an average loss of 11.5%, followed by life insurance, which fell 9.1%, and cement, which dropped 8.9%.

A few stocks managed to post strong gains despite the overall downturn. Premier Leasing emerged as the top gainer with a 44.44% rise, while Fareast Finance and FAS Finance both advanced 41.18%.

On the losing side, Rahima Food suffered the sharpest fall, declining 23.90%. Pragati Life Insurance dropped 19.86%, while BAT Bangladesh lost 17.35% during the week.

A shortage of edible oil has emerged in several markets across the capital, as consumers rush to collect more than demand fearing a price hike due to the ongoing war between the US, Israel and Iran.

Some grocery stores still have one-litre and two-litre bottles on their shelves; five-litre bottles have almost disappeared from many markets.

Retailers said supply from companies has declined over the past week, leaving them unable to stock larger bottles. However, major producers deny reducing deliveries and instead blame stockpiling at the dealer level for the shortage.

A visit to Meradia Bazaar and nearby shops in South Banasree yesterday (7 March) revealed that no five-litre bottles of soybean oil were available. Even at the Shwapno outlet in the area, shoppers could not find any soybean oil.

A Shwapno salesperson said the stock ran out quickly. "Every customer who came in the morning bought a bottle. Now we have none left."

The same situation prevailed at the Agora outlet in the area, as there were no five-litre bottles available, and only a few two-litre bottles of Fresh brand soybean oil remained. To ensure more customers could purchase the product, staff members allowed each buyer to take only one bottle.

Most shops had no soybean oil in Badda and Shahjadpur, while a few larger stores managed to keep three or four bottles of two-litre packs on display.

Shahjadpur shopkeeper Md Saiful Islam said companies rarely deliver five-litre bottles and only occasionally supply two-litre ones, citing the shortage of oil.

Another seller, Ilias Hossain, said his shop had not received any oil deliveries for two weeks.

When contacted, Taslim Shahriar, deputy general manager of Meghna Group, which produces Fresh brand soybean oil, said they supplied large volumes in January and February.

"We have imported additional oil to ensure stable supply during Ramadan. More than 50,000 tonnes are being distributed every month, so there should be no crisis," he said.

Echoing Taslim, City Group Executive Director Biswajit Saha said they have not reduced supply, though some smaller companies may be struggling to import oil due to complications with letters of credit.

The crisis was created due to increased demand in Ramadan and stockpiling by some consumers and traders, he added.